36th ESPU Meeting in Paris, France

SN08: MISCELLANEOUS 2

Moderators: Angela Dower (UK), Bieke Samijn (BE)

ESPU-Nurses Meeting on Friday 19, June 2026, 10:10 - 10:50


10:10 - 10:20
SN08-1 (NP)

THE USE OF VIRTUAL REALITY HEADSETS DURING PAEDIATRIC VIDEO URODYNAMICS

Louiza DALE, Angela DOWNER, Sonia DUGMORE and Kristina DZHUMA
Oxford Children's Hospital, Paediatric Urology, Oxford, UNITED KINGDOM

PURPOSE

Video Urodynamics (VUD) is an invasive diagnostic procedure that measures bladder pressure in children. Optimal study quality requires the child to remain calm and still, as movement can introduce artefacts. We report our experience implementing VR technology as a distraction tool during VUD to improve patient tolerance, reduce anxiety, and enhance study quality.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

VR is an interactive, 3- dimensional, computer stimulated environment, accessed through a head mounted device, precluding the real-world view. Children aged 4-16 years were offered the option to use a VR headset during VUD when deemed appropriate by a Play Specialist. The child and specialist selected the VR program, which included games, mindfulness and incentive breathing activities. The headset was secured prior to the procedure and could be discontinued at any time. Clinical assessment included observation of anxiety levels, cooperation, communication ability, and artefact frequency during the study. Patients' feedback was collected at the end of the procedure.

RESULTS

Over a 3-month period, VR was used in five patients. Clinical assessment demonstrated reduced anxiety and improved compliance with procedural instructions in all cases. Children remained communicative and responsive while immersed in VR. Parents and clinicians reported that VR facilitated tolerance of the procedure. All children responded positively, and all participants expressed willingness to use VR again. Clinicians observed fewer artefacts in pressure recordings and shorter procedure times. No adverse events were reported.
Play Specialists reported that children engaged more readily with the VR environment, demonstrating decreased pre-procedural distress compared to standard distraction techniques. Feedback from the patients was very positive and included one 9-year-old patient willing to come back the following day for the procedure to be performed again.

CONCLUSIONS

VR technology appears to be a valuable adjunct for promoting relaxation and distraction during paediatric VUD. Clinical assessment confirms its role in reducing anxiety, improving procedural compliance, and enhancing study quality. Continued application and evaluation in a larger cohort are warranted.


10:20 - 10:30
SN08-2 (NP)

★ AI-ASSİSTED COMPARATİVE ANALYSİS OF PEDİATRİC UROLOGY GUİDELİNES (EAU-AUA-NICE): A CROSS-GUİDELİNE NLP-BASED STUDY

Çiğdem ARSLAN ALICI 1 and Aykut AYKAÇ 2
1) Eskisehir City Hospital, Pediatric Urology, Eskisehir, TÜRKIYE - 2) Eskişehir City Hospital, Urology, Eskişehir, TÜRKIYE

PURPOSE

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether artificial intelligence (AI) and natural language processing (NLP) techniques can accurately identify concordance and divergence across pediatric urology guidelines published by the European Association of Urology (EAU), American Urological Association (AUA), and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). The study aimed to determine the degree of alignment among recommendations and to characterize terminology variability that may hinder guideline standardization.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Guidelines from EAU, AUA, and NICE published between 2023 and 2025 were analyzed across four clinical domains: vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), enuresis, hydronephrosis, and imaging. NLP tools (BERT, GPT, and SciSpacy) were employed to extract, categorize, and compare recommendations. Semantic similarity metrics, including Jaccard similarity and cosine similarity, were used to quantify concordance. Expert validation was performed on a randomly selected subset of statements to assess the accuracy of AI-derived classifications. Primary outcomes included guideline concordance, terminology variability, and validation accuracy.

RESULTS

High concordance was observed between EAU and AUA guidelines (Jaccard similarity 0.82; cosine similarity 0.91), while NICE recommendations demonstrated moderate divergence. Agreement was strongest in the VUR domain, with 9 of 12 statements showing alignment. Hydronephrosis guidelines exhibited the greatest heterogeneity. Significant terminology variability—particularly within enuresis recommendations—was noted between AUA and NICE. Expert review confirmed the accuracy of AI-generated classifications in 90% of the evaluated statements. Limitations included the use of only three guideline sources and potential algorithmic bias related to training data.

CONCLUSIONS

AI-assisted and NLP-based analysis provides an effective method to identify consensus and variation across major pediatric urology guidelines. This approach has the potential to enhance guideline harmonization and contribute to the development of evidence-based clinical decision-support systems. Further validation across broader guideline sets and clinical contexts is warranted to strengthen generalizability and real-world applicability.


10:30 - 10:40
SN08-3 (NP)

REDUCING EARLY BLEEDING IN NEONATAL CIRCUMCISION: INTERIM ANALYSIS OF 2-OCTYL CYANOACRYLATE VS STANDARD CARE IN A DOUBLE-BLINDED RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL

Usman KAHLOON 1, Michael CHUA 1, David LEVIN 2, Samer MAHER 1, Julia LEVIN 3, Lizz BORUTSKI 3, Barbara PANNOZZO 1, Armando LORENZO 1, Mandy RICKARD 1, Abby VARGHESE 1 and Joana DOS SANTOS 1
1) The Hospital For Sick Children, Division of Urology, Toronto, CANADA - 2) The Hospital For Sick Children, Division of Anesthesia, Toronto, CANADA - 3) The Circumcision Clinic, Toronto, CANADA

PURPOSE

Bleeding is the most common early complication of neonatal circumcision despite standardized technique. 2-Octyl cyanoacrylate (2OCA), a topical skin adhesive, may enhance hemostasis, improve wound approximation, and serve as an antimicrobial barrier. The objective of this institutionally approved (REB #1000070281) multi-site double-blinded randomized controlled trial is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of 2OCA compared with standard of care (SOC; petroleum jelly) in reducing post-circumcision complications.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Healthy neonates (2–60 days) were randomized 1:1 by sealed envelopes to 2OCA or SOC following circumcision using Gomco or Mogen clamps under local anesthesia (0.5% bupivacaine ± 1% lidocaine). The operating physician was blinded to allocation until clamp removal. The primary endpoint was intraoperative bleeding requiring compression dressing, silver nitrate, or suturing. Continuous variables were compared using two-sample t-tests, multi-category variables using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, and binary categorical variables using Fisher’s exact tests (p<0.05). Bleeding risk was estimated with univariate logistic regression. All analyses followed an intention-to-treat approach.

RESULTS

One hundred neonates were included (2OCA n=42; SOC n=58). Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups (Table 1). Bleeding occurred in 4.8% of 2OCA versus 31.0% of SOC cases (p<0.001). On univariate logistic regression, 2OCA use was associated with an 89% reduction in the odds of bleeding (B=–2.20; SE=0.78; Wald=7.97; p=0.005; OR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.02–0.51). Subgroup analysis showed significance for Gomco circumcisions (3.7% vs 42.1%; p<0.001) but not for Mogen (6.7% vs 11.1%; p=0.66).

Table 1. Baseline Characteristics of Participants by Study Group

a Two-sample t-test.
b Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
c Fisher’s Exact test.

Baseline Variable

Intervention (n=42)

Control (n=58)

p-value

Age (days), mean ± SD

38 ± 18

35 ± 16

0.34a

Weight (kg), mean ± SD

4.4 ± 0.8

4.4 ± 0.8

0.89a

Ethnicity, (%)

0.39b

Caucasian/White

42

36

Black

8

3.5

East Asian

15

11

Middle Eastern

8

3.5

Other

27

46

Indication, (%)

0.46c

Elective

90

95

Medically Indicated

10

5

Clamp, (%)

0.83c

Gomco

65

68

Mogen

35

32

Surgeon Experience, (%)

0.22b

Staff (medical)

21

18

Staff (surgical)

21

14

Fellow (2nd year)

50

54

Fellow (1st year)

7

14

Local Anesthetic Used, mean ± SD (mL)

0.5% Bupivacaine

1.8 ± 0.6

2.4 ± 3.5

0.24a

1% Lidocaine

2.0 ± 0.6

2.0 ± 0.7

0.89a

CONCLUSIONS

2OCA significantly reduced bleeding compared with standard closure. Moreover, these findings suggest that if using a Gomco clamp, 2OCA should be considered to minimize bleeding risk. These interim findings support 2OCA as a safe and effective hemostatic alternative, with final results forthcoming upon study completion.


10:40 - 10:50
SN08-4 (NP)

LONG-TERM LOWER URINARY TRACT DYSFUNCTION FOLLOWING CHILDHOOD URETEROCELE REPAIR IN COMPLEX DUPLICATED COLLECTING SYSTEMS

Lydia HERMANN 1, Morgan BLACK 2, Rosalia MISSERI 3, Martin KAEFER 3, Konrad SZYMANKSI 3, Richard RINK 3, Joshua ROTH 3, Kirstan MELDRUM 3, Benjamin WHITTAM 3, Nik BATRA 3, Mark CAIN 3 and Pankaj P. DANGLE 3
1) Indiana University School of Medicine, Medical Student, Indianapolis, USA - 2) Indiana University School of Medicine, Urology Resident, PGY2, Indianapolis, USA - 3) Indiana University School of Medicine, Pediatric Urology, Indianapolis, USA

PURPOSE

While ureteroceles are well-described in infancy, long-term bladder function outcomes remain limited. In a previous study, our institution observed an increased incidence of lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) among school-aged children (41%). We aimed to describe persistent or new-onset lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) during adolescence.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

We retrospectively reviewed for children with ureterocele treated at our institution between 1993 and 2007. Inclusion criteria were presentation before five years old, duplex collecting system with ureterocele, and surgical correction. Charts were assessed for LUTS occurring after age five, defined by the 2015 International Children’s Continence Society, and evaluated during puberty according to National Institute of Child Health and Human Development criteria. Fisher’s exact test was used for univariate analysis.

RESULTS

Forty eligible patients (29, 73% female) were followed to a median 13.3 years old (IQR 5.8-16.8). Thirty-nine (98%) ureteroceles were unilateral—17 (43%) ectopic, 12 (30%) intravesical, and 11 (27%) cecoureterocele. Twenty-two (55%) were diagnosed prenatally with ultrasound. Eighteen (45%) presented postnatally with 17 (94%) diagnosed after urinary tract infections (median 8.6 months old; IQR 2.7-30.3). Median age at first surgery was 10.9 weeks (IQR 4.8-40.2), independent of surgical type. Thirty (75%) had initial puncture/incision (median 8.32 weeks; IQR 4.0-25.6). Of these, twenty-four (80%) had subsequent ureterocele excision and reimplantation (median 2.3 years old; IQR 1.8-4.2). Twenty-one (53%) patients developed new-onset LUTS after surgery. Symptoms appeared a median 6.8 years (IQR 5.6–9.0) after initial surgery, independent of surgical type. Twenty (95%) required intervention—18 (90%) behavioral modification, 7 (35%) medication, and 6 (30%) pelvic floor therapy. Two (10%) required bulking injections for refractory stress incontinence. Eleven (52%) of the 21 patients developed new-onset LUTS during childhood (median 6.63 years old; IQR 5.69-7.09), with 4 (36%) persisting into puberty. Notably, 8 (38%) female patients developed new LUTS around puberty (median 9.9 years old; IQR 9.1-10.4). Their most common symptom was daytime incontinence (5, 63%), followed by urgency (4, 50%) and decreased frequency (4, 50%). Cecoureterocele was a significant risk factor for new-onset LUTS during puberty (p=.025).

CONCLUSIONS

LUTS is common following childhood surgery for ureterocele with renal duplication. New-onset LUTS may occur around puberty—with incontinence being the most common. Those with cecoureterocele appear to be at highest risk.