8 The following cut-off values are used: Urine collected via midstream or clean catch after cleansing the genitals with water: > 105 CFU/ml Urine collection via single-use catheter: > 104 CFU/ml Urine collection via ultrasound-guided suprapubic bladder puncture: > 103 CFU/ml Recurrent UTI A recurrent UTI is defined as: Two or more episodes of UTIs with fever and/or obvious flank pain or One episode of UTI with fever and/or obvious flank pain plus one or more episodes of UTI without a fever, or three or more episodes of UTI without a fever. Summary of Abbreviations ASD Autism Spectrum Disorders CIC Clean Intermittent Catheterization CISC Clean Intermittent Self Catheterization Ch Charrière CFU Colony Forming Units ESPU-N European Society for Paedatric Urology IC Intermittent Catheterization ICCS International Children’s Continence Society ITP Individual Transition Plan LE Level of Evidence MEC Male External Catheter PVC Poly Vinyl chloride PVR Post Void Residual UI Urine Incontinence UTI Urinary Tract Infection VR Virtual Reality QoL Quality of Life
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